1985 4Runner Engine conversion
1989 Ford Mustang 5.0
(225 HP, 300ft/lb)

Update:

(06/00) The truck was sold. I had lost interest in the small body of the 4Runner and wanted to start a project with a larger body. My current project is a 1995 Camaro LT1 engine in a 1974 Chevy Blazer.

(08/98) I just passed my first "normal" smog check at a regular smog check station without a glitch. My idle emissions were a little high as my cats are kind of far back from the engine... couldn't fit them any closer due to the narrow frame and the size of the engine and tranny, so they get cold quickly. If I have any problems passing at idle in the future I'm thinking I might wrap the cats in that insulating tape that they sell for headers to keep them warm longer.

I have now put about 25k miles on the engine in this truck and I have to say it's working wonderfully. I've run into minor glitches here and there (power steering pump went out, idle problems probably due to some sort of vacuum leak that I've been unable to trace down, and some other minor things) but all in all it's working great.

The remainder of this page was written in 1996 shortly after I completed the swap itself.


Swap completed in Spring of 1996

Well, it's finally done. I have passed the California smog check and I'm legal. Getting it to pass was quite a pain, as the referee wanted absolutely everything in place, even the neutral indicator switch in the tranny. Whew!

Pictures

At long last I've finally gotten the following pictures scanned in. At some point I plan on annotating these pictures to high-light the important parts (mounts, adaptors, clearance problems, etc.) (Click on the thumbnail for a larger image)

The Swap itself

Old 22RE engine just before swap New engine hoisted up.  Showing new clutch slave. Me grinding the old engine mounts out. Hoisting the new engine into place

This is a picture of the T5 tranny/new tail housing/adaptor/Toyota transfer case all bolted together.

The Final Product

Mustang 5.0 emblem Shot under the nose of the truck Another under the nose Shot from the center looking forward Shot of the center underside Shot from the center looking back Full side shot of underside Shot of engine Closer shot of engine Clutch Slave cylinder Shot of the cab Big truck pict

Clearance

This swap has turned out to be much more of a headache than I thought it would be. I suppose if I was a professional mechanic I'd have had a much easier time but I learned as I went. The first major problem was clearance. Toyota engine compartments just aren't meant for engines that big! You are supposed to mount the engine mounts from Advanced Adaptors Upside Down so that the engine is sitting down between the frame rails so you don't have to have a body lift, but the problem is all of the power accessories wont fit between the frame no matter what you do. (Specifically, the power steering pump, and the steering gear housing want to be in the same place, at the same time.) The only solution that I saw was to install a 3 inch body lift and flip the engine mounts around. Yuck!

Even without the stock fan (had to go with 2 electrics), I had to push the fire wall almost 10" back in some places. Let's just say my ventilation system is a little whacked.

One thing that I wasn't aware of at the beginning was that the stock engine mounts have to be cut/torched off, so once you start, there's no going back. (Don't know why you'd want to though....)

Advanced Adaptors sells the kit stating that you will NOT have to modify drive shaft lengths. While this might be possible, I didn't want my engine to pop through my radiator when I go wheeling so I mounted it back a bit farther. My shafts were adjusted about 1.5 inches to clear everything. Now that I know the engine doesn't move more than a few millimeters on the mounts I can probably slide the engine forward a little, but for now it works.

Electrical

One other major problem was electrical. In reality, as long as you have the Mustang shop manual, it's not that hard to integrate the two electrical systems. BTW: Someone should be shot at Toyota. Their wiring diagram in the official shop manual just plain sucks! My problem was that I was given both a computer, and Mustang wire harness that didn't work. After I figured this out and replaced them, the electrical worked fine, sort of....

After about 1500 miles on the new engine, the check engine light popped on, but the computer wouldn't give up any codes. It turned out that the computer was hosed. This was caused most likely by an exceptionally bad ground wire coming from the battery. (I tested it after I fried the computer and it registered 45 ohms in just 6 inches!) I have replaced the computer, and fixed the ground situation, and the new computer seems to be much happier.

One other interesting aspect.... It turns out that I have a manual tranny computer, and an automatic harness. YES, there is a difference. The difference only becomes a problem when you want to put the computer into diagnostic mode, since it's checking the wrong leads on the harness. After tracing the wiring diagrams, I figured out which wires to connect to put it into diagnostic mode. (Urgh, that was fun.)

Broken parts

Due to the placement of the engine, I had to have my drive shafts modified. When I first started to drive the truck after the swap it made a thunking sound when starting out which I thought was the diff, but it appears to be caused by an exceptionally careless welder who screwed up my rear drive shaft. This problem has yet to be resolved, but appears to be only an irritation factor.

After about 1000 miles on the engine, one of my front steering knuckle bearings went out. I'm not sure if this is the fault of the heavier engine, or just age (The Truck body has over 140K on it.)

While it's not really broken, the front end has loosened up quite a bit with the added weight. All of my steering components are stock, and when the 3.5" lift and the bigger engine are combined it makes for an interesting drive sometimes. It tends to wonder a bit more than I would like on bumpy roads or under braking. I should hopefully have this situation resolved before too long.

Costs

The grand total to date for the Swap almost $5000. (OUCH!) Oh well, It's one heck of a truck now! The following list details what was spent on the conversion.

Date Source Item(s) Cost
02/23/96 AA T5->Toy trans adaptor,engine mnts. 931.88
02/27/96Total PerformanceGerling clutch slave cylinder187.38
03/13/96AAW1989 Ford Mustang 5.0 engine & T5 transmition1724.00
03/14/96Dealers Car StereoAssorted quick connects20.00
03/14/96Frys ElectronicsAssorted wires and connectors64.67
03/15/96AAChevy radiator343.20
03/15/96KragenFan belt, oil & antifreeze50.26
03/15/96NapaTrany thrush? bearing12.57
03/16/96NapaAssorted fasteners, gaskets27.96
03/18/96NW Off-roadBody lift301.10
03/18/96PAWOil filt. reloc., volt oil & water gauges, electric fans398.99
03/20/96A-Z rentalEngine hoist rental 1 week100.82
03/20/96NapaAssorted hoses61.64
03/21/96NapaFuel filter, assorted hoses & clamps35.47
04/03/96Central Coast BearingCustom Hose adaptors133.33
05/18/96Hysen Johnson Ford(SLO)Gear shift lever58.24
05/31/96PAWK&N filter,elec. tach & mntg. cup,fuel press gauge & hose393.24

Total to date: 4844.75

AA = Advanced Adaptors
PAW = Performance Auto. Wholesalers
AAW = Action Auto Wreckers

Overall Impressions

I would have to say, if you are considering swapping the engine out of your truck think really hard about the reasons that are prompting you to do it. It's not easy, and it's not cheap. If you just want more power, sell your truck and get a full size. If you want power in a small body, and are willing to take the time and spend the money to do it right then go for it! Cutting corners is not something you want to do.

In all honesty, I personally probably shouldn't have done the swap. I just wanted power, but I had no idea it was going to cost this much. My initial estimate was that the swap would cost about $3000. I would have come out far ahead to just buy a full sized truck in the first place, as I now have well over 12K invested in my truck, and it's definitely not worth that now. (Maybe 8k.)

Bottom line. It's a fun, scratch that, awesome truck! It hauls ass, and as long as you don't break anything, I don't think you could stop it if you tried. It rocks! The exhaust note definitely turns heads, and when people look under the hood, their jaws usually hit the ground. ;) Even with 33" tires and stock gears the back end will break loose quite easily if I let my right foot get too carried away. I can easily accelerate past 80 on steep hills that I used to creep up at 35. Since I placed this page on-line I've gotten quite a few e-mails from envious 4Runner and Toyota truck owners. ;)

Future Plans

Once I get out of school and have a little more time and money, I plan on doing a few more things to "complete" the swap. I would like to put a Ford 9" or Dana 60 rear end in. I would also like to replace the existing drive shafts which were quite mangled by the shop I sent them to for modifications. The engine should be moved forward about half an inch to make more room at the fire wall. When I first installed the engine I didn't know how much it would flop around on the mounts so I installed it pretty far back... just a little to far. I would also like to pull the lower portion of the fire wall and the beginning of the tranny tunnel and replace them with custom shaped panels, as they are pretty roached from hammers and such. The gas pedal and brake pedal need to be cleaned up as I kinda' hacked them to get them to clear the engine on the other side. The center console had to be yanked as the sticks don't line up and I would like to replace it with something. The stock 14 gallon gas tank is a little small for the new engine and I would like more range. I would like to convert the AC compressor to an air compressor and install a tank on the truck. There's plenty more on the wish list, but that's about all that's 5.0 related.

Feedback

So how did you like the page? I'm not getting paid to do this, but if you think I left some piece of information out that you would like to see let me know and I'll try to allocate the time to update the page. ;)

If you do plan on swapping a Ford 5.0 in your Toy, you might want to send me some e-mail as I've left some of the little details out of this that might make your life easier knowing in advance. (dhiltgen@drseuss.calpoly.edu)


Daniel Hiltgen Sun Microsystems BSD daemon logo
$Id: conversion.html,v 1.5 1998/08/04 06:18:06 dhiltgen Exp $
( xxx ) as of 03/18/99